生物技术在牧草及草坪草中的研究进展及应用前景

现代生物技术在牧草及草坪植物育种工作中的运用为其打开了一个崭新的局面。组织培养和再生体系的建立为基因片段的转移和转化提供了前提条件。本文对目前遗传转化中几种较为常见的方法作了较为详细的阐述,并对其发展趋势提出了一些看法。     

硝酸钙和IAA对温州蜜柑果实钙含量及其品质的影响

在花期、花后1周、3周、采前2周对龟井蜜柑进行Ca(NO3)2、IAA和IAA+Ca(NO3)2喷布处理,同时测定了不同发育时期各处理果实钙含量及其采后果实的主要品质,并与采后浸钙处理和完熟采收果实品质进行了对比分析,结果表明:1)各处理的果皮钙含量在花后51d和112d均有所提高,但此期整个果实钙含量并无显著性差异,采收时各处理整个果实和果肉钙含量均显著高于对照;2)采收时各处理果实的可溶性固形物和可滴定酸均显著低于对照,可溶性糖、单果重、果皮色差值和相对电导率与对照无显著性差异,各处理糖酸比显著高于对照;3)采后30d时IAA+Ca(NO3)2喷布和采后浸钙处理果实的维生素C及完熟采收果实的可溶性固形物和可溶性糖均显著高于对照和其他处理。     

浅谈HACCP在机制针形名茶中的应用

对HACCP作简要介绍，根据HACCP体系的要求，分析了机制针形名茶过程中各个环节可能出现的危害因素，用HACCP的原理确立了关键控制点，并且建立了相应的控制措施。     

黄瓜枯萎病新型抑制蛋白L37的研究

 从土壤中分离到对黄瓜枯萎病病原菌有抑制作用的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis) , 发酵产物经DEAE - 纤维素、Sephadex G-100柱层析, 分离到15 kD抑菌蛋白L37, SDS-PAGE显示纯度达到电泳纯, N - 末端氨基酸序列同源性检测结果提示可能是一种新型的抑菌蛋白。蛋白质抑菌结果表明, 对多种病原真菌具有抑制效果, 且对蛋白酶、温度和大部分有机物不敏感, 是稳定的抑菌蛋白。对病原菌菌丝抑制机理研究表明, 抑菌蛋白具有严重扭曲、断裂、阻止生长等抗生效果。应用发酵蛋白产物进行两年大田防效试验表明, 对黄瓜枯萎病防效显著, 最高达到90% , 具有显著提高产量的作用。     

压力蒸汽灭菌器对液体灭菌时常见故障浅析

针对压力蒸汽灭菌器对液体进行灭菌时造成事故的现象，分析了事故发生的主要原因是由于限压阀瞬间降压造成的。指出应慎用于液体的灭菌处理。     

不同砧木嫁接网纹甜瓜试验

为预防网纹甜瓜枯萎病等土传病害,以新土佐、灰甘瓜、全能铁甲南瓜,甬砧3号甜瓜为砧木,以当地主栽的拿玻里网纹甜瓜为接穗,进行嫁接试验。结果表明:拿玻里网纹甜瓜嫁接后,植株的抗病性有了显著提高,对枯萎病的防效高达100%,对白粉病的防效也有所提高,综合抗性增强。其中甬砧3号在4个参试砧木品种中,与接穗拿玻里网纹甜瓜的亲和性最好,抗病性提高明显,品质也较自根苗好。     

宁夏春小麦磷素利用效率的基因型差异研究

在不同施磷土壤条件下,采用肥料田间试验和测试分析方法,研究了宁夏春小麦磷素利用效率及其有关性状的基因型差异。结果表明,不论施磷与否,小麦籽粒产量、生物学产量、磷肥增产率、地上部茎叶和籽粒中含磷量以及磷素吸收累积量、磷素利用效率等均存在明显基因型差异,且这种差异在低磷条件下更为明显。在低磷条件下,籽粒生产中的磷素利用效率变化在160.1～448.3kg/kg之间,平均为223.1kg/kg,变异系数为23.05％;干物质生产中的磷素利用效率变化在332.6～898.5kg/kg之间,平均为458.4kg/kg,变异系数为22.57％。从中筛选出低磷高产高效品种8个。在较高供磷条件下,籽粒生产中的磷素利用效率变化在150.9～350.9kg/kg之间,平均为229.8kg/kg,变异系数为20.63％;于物质生产中的成素利用效率变化在358.3～746.5 kg/kg之间,平均为482.Ikg地,变异系数为 18.76％。从中筛选出高磷高产高效品种7个。通过相关分析,研究了不同供成条件下磷素利用效率与其它营养性状之间的关系,提出了培育磷高效品种的有用性状指标。     

and laminin on adhesion and proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell

AIM:To explore the effects of PMA(phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, a tumor promoter, mimicking the action of diacylglycerol on PKC)and laminin on the adhesion and the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and provide a new clue to liver cancer treatment.METHODS:Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line(BEL-7402)was used to identify the endogenous laminin and protein kinase C-α(PKC-α) expression, and the effects of laminin and PMA on the adhesion and the proliferation were also investigatedin vitro.RESULTS:By the effect of exogenous laminin, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (BEL-7402) possessed endogenous laminin expression and increased the adhesion and the proliferation, which was showed the synergistic action by the effect of PMA in combination. By the action of PMA alone, the proliferation and the PKC-α expression increased by exogenous laminin were decreased, and the adhesion and the endogenous laminin expression were increased.CONCLUSIONS:The finding suggested that the adhesion and the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell were closely related to the effects of endogenous or exogenous laminin, which were associated with cPKC-α activity. Therefore, the application of anti-laminin antibody in combination with PKC antagonist might be a new clue to find out the therapy for liver cancer.     

Mast cell tryptase and asthma

As an important mediator of allergic inflammation, mast cell tryptase is involved in the in duction of hypersensitivity, infiltration of inflammatory cel s and t issue remodeling in respiratory tract.The effects of tryptase inhibitors on the actions of tryptase show further the potential of tryptase in the pathogenesis of asthma and its inhibitors in the treatment of asthma.     

Bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide increases the sensitivity of HL60 and K562 cells to daunorubicin

AIM:To investigate whether the bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide increases the sensitivity of HL60 and K562 cell lines to daunorubicin.METHODS:IC50 for HL60 and K562 was determined with MTT method, the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein were assayed by immunofluorescence using fluoresce isothiocyanate labeling. In addition, apoptosis was detected by morphological observation and flow cytometric analysis of DNA fragmentation.RESULTS:It was found that the two oligonucleotides directed against the coding region and the translation initiation of bcl-2 mRNA, combined respectively with daunorubicin, inhibited expression of bcl-2 protein, increased apoptosis in HL60 and K562 cells, and decreased IC50 of daunorubicin significantly (P＜0.05). Compared to the antisense oligonucleotide directed against the translation initiation of bcl-2 mRNA, the antisense oligonucleotide directed against the coding region showed stronger effects in the aspects of increasing the sensitivity of HL60 cells to daunorubicin (P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS:These two antisense sequences in the translation initiation and the coding region of bcl-2 mRNA increased the sensitivity of HL60 and K562 cell lines to daunorubicin in a sequence-specific manner.